The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped front window of the eye that plays a crucial role in focusing light onto the retina and, consequently, your vision. Corneal infection or keratitis refers to inflammation and infection of this sensitive layer. This infection can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.

 

Various factors can contribute to corneal infections, including:

 

Trauma: Eye injuries such as scratches, chemical or thermal burns, and improper use of contact lenses.

Eye diseases: Certain eye conditions, like dry eye, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases, can increase the risk of corneal infection.

Weakened immune system: Individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with AIDS or undergoing chemotherapy, are more susceptible to corneal infections.

Long-term use of certain medications: Some medications, like corticosteroids, can increase the risk of developing corneal infections.

 

Symptoms of corneal infection may vary depending on the type of infectious agent and severity of the infection, but some common symptoms include:

 

Severe eye pain, especially when blinking

Redness of the eye

Blurred vision

Sensitivity to light

Feeling like there is something in the eye

Discharge of pus or watery fluid from the eye

Swollen eyelids

 

To diagnose a corneal infection, an ophthalmologist will use various methods such as a slit-lamp examination, corneal staining, and, in some cases, more specialized tests.

 

Treatment for corneal infection depends on the type of infectious agent and the severity of the infection. Treatments may include:

 

Antibiotic eye drops: For bacterial infections

Antiviral eye drops: For viral infections

Antifungal eye drops: For fungal infections

Eye ointments: For more severe infections

Oral medications: In some cases, oral medications may be prescribed to treat the infection.

Surgery: In very severe cases, surgery may be necessary.

 

If left untreated, corneal infection can lead to serious complications such as:

 

Corneal ulcer: Permanent damage to the cornea

Cataracts: Clouding of the lens of the eye

Glaucoma: Increased pressure inside the eye

 

To prevent corneal infections, you can take the following precautions:

 

Hand washing: Wash your hands thoroughly before touching your eyes.

Proper contact lens care: Clean and wear contact lenses according to your eye doctor's instructions.

Prompt treatment of eye diseases: Seek prompt treatment for any eye condition.

Use protective eyewear: Wear protective eyewear during activities that pose a risk of eye injury.

Corneal infection is a serious condition, and if you experience any symptoms, you should seek medical attention promptly.